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SECONDARY BATTERY.

Patented Dec. 14, 1897.

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PAUL FERDINAND RIBBE, OF BERLIN, GERMANY.

SECONDARY BATTERY;

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 595,580, dated December 14, 1897.

Application filed April 7,1896. Serial No. 586,533. (No model.) Patented in Norway March 16, 1896, No. 5,309; in Spain May 22, 1896, No. 18,807; in Hungary October 30,1896,No. 6,533; in Denmark February 10, 1897,No. 963; in Sweden April 8, 1897, No. 7,762, and i Canada July 15, 1897, No. 56,660.

specification.

The invention has been patented in Huugary, No. 6,533, dated October 30, 1896; in

Canada, No. 56,660, dated July 15, 1897; in Spain, No. 18,807, dated May 22, 1896; in

Denmark, No. 963, dated February 10, 1897;

in Norway, No. 5,309, dated March 16, 1896, and in Sweden, No. 7,762, dated April 8, 1897. This invention relates to improvements in electrodes for storage or secondary batteries. My new and improved'electrode is composed of two supporting-plates of acid-proof nonconducting material connected by acid-proof material, which plates are provided with inwardly-curved recesses bounded by abutmente and serving to receive the active Inaterial.

The supporting-plates are composed of celluloid, which celluloid plates, after a thin lead plate has been placed between them, are united by means of celluloid solution, the platesbeing so shaped or punched that they are directly connected by the celluloid solution at proper points. The, celluloid plates surround the lead plates and are provided with a series 'of openings, the edges of which form the abutments for the active mass.

- In the accompanying drawings, forming a part of this specification and in which like letters of reference indicate like parts in all the views, Figure 1 is a face view of my improved electrode. Figs. 2 and 3 are horizontal sectional views of the same on the lines u u and 'v v, respectively, of Fig. 1. Eigs. 4, 5, and 6 are vertical transverse sectional views of the same on the lines a; x, y y, and z z, respectively, of Fig. l. connected celluloid plates in horizontal section; Fig. 8 shows part of a lead plate to be placed between two celluloid plates. Fig. 9 is an elevation of a storage battery composed of a series of my improved electrodes. Fig.

10 is atransverse vertical sectional view on Fig. 7 shows the two the line w w of Fig. 9. of the same.

For the purpose of holding the several electrodes the proper distance from each other and also for giving the requisite stability wooden frames a are used, which are preferably formed with three standards a' a & The said wooden frame is placed between the two celluloid plates b and c. v In addition thereto the lead plate d is placed between the celluloid plates, which lead plate is composed of two wings connected above the central standard a by a strip e, and said plate is provided with a lug f for making circuit connections. The lead plate d is provided with a series of holes z', through which the projections g and h of the celluloid plates b and c can form contact with each other: also form contact entirely around the edges of the lead plate, from the edges of said lead plate to the wooden frame a. Above the lead plate the celluloid plates are in contact in the manner shown in the drawings, numerous projections g' h' being formed to provide a sufficient number of connecting-joints and to leave space for the lugs f. The contactsurfaces of the celluloid plates are supplied with a coating of celluloid dissolved in acetone, and then the several 'plates are pressed together under great pressure. The acetone evaporates Very rapidly, after having slightly dissolved the surfaces to be united, and the celluloid plates are connected with each other asfirmly and securely as if they were made from a single piece. The great advantage of these plates is that when forcibly torn asunder the celluloid will tear sooner at another point than at the one where the connections were made.

The wooden frame is boiled in paraffin or is impregnated in any other suitable manner, and therefore said frame does not come in contact at all with the electrolyte.

The lead plates may be perforated in the manner shown in Fig. 6 or, if desired, in any other suitable manner.

Fig. 11 is a plan View The celluloid plates Each section,'composed of a wooden frame IOO with a series of openings in the celluloid plates, which openings are bounded by the' upturnedcelluloid ed ges of the same,as shown in Figs. 3, 6, and 10. Into said openings the active mass ?a is placed and by means of suitable dies or forms shaped in the form of arches, for which the upturned celluloid edges form abutments. The sections so prepared are united to form a storage battery, as shown in Figs. 9, 10, and 11,'the sections being packed by means of suitable packing-strips or by:

m and n are placed against the outermost,

plates, which wooden plates are so shaped that they form compartments with said outermost plates, into the top of which Compartnents the tubes o and p lead.

The electrodes are provided alternately at the top and bottom with small aperturesqand 7', so that the electrolytic fluid between the electrodes can be slowly circulated when air is forced in through the tube 0 and at the same time air is drawn off through the tube 1), or vice versa. The liquid descends on the pressure side and rises on the suction side, and the fluid is com pelled to move. Any suitable device may be connected with the two tubes to automatically cause a thorough circulation of the electrolytic fluid at given times-for example, every three hours. The

sections are held together by means of bolts l, and all joints are carefully closed at the outside, so that no special vessel for the electrolytic fluid is required.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is-

1. In an electrode for secondary batteres, the combination with a wooden frame of two celluloid plates, connected with each other by dissolved celluloid, said plates having openings with upturned edges, active material in said openings and a lead plate between the celluloid plates substantially as herein shown and described.

2. In an electrode for secondary batteries, the combination with a lead plate having apertures, of a celluloid plate on each side of said lead plate, which celluloid plates have projections extending, into the apertures in said lead plate and thereby fo'ming contact, at which contacts they are united and active material held on the lead plate by said celluloid plates, substantially as herein shown and described.

3. In astorage battery the conbination with a series of electrodes formed each of a lead plate, a celluloid plate on each side of the lead plate and active material held on the lead plate by the celluloid plates and which electrodes have apertures alternately at the top and bottom, of end plates forming compartments with the outermost plates of the electrodes, tubes communicating with said compartments and bolts for holding the electrodes and end plates together, substantiall y as herein shown and described.

In testimony that I claim the foregoing as my invention I have signed my name, in presence of two witnesses, this Gth day of March, 1896.

PAUL FERDINAND RIBBE.

Witnesses:

ALBERT ARTH, RICHARD PETER. 

